Tag Archives: composting

314–323 T. Ahmadi, C.A. Casas Díaz, Y.E. García Vera and N. Escobar Escobar
A prototype reactor to compost agricultural wastes of Fusagasuga Municipality. Colombia
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A prototype reactor to compost agricultural wastes of Fusagasuga Municipality. Colombia

T. Ahmadi¹*, C.A. Casas Díaz¹, Y.E. García Vera¹ and N. Escobar Escobar²

¹Universidad de Cundinamarca, Facultad de Ingeniería, Diagonal 18 No. 20-29, Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
²Universidad de Cundinamarca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Diagonal 18 No. 20-29, Fusagasugá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
*Correspondence: tahmadi@ucundinamarca.edu.co

Abstract:

Crop and animal production generate a high level of organic waste that causes negative effects on the environment and communities. The use of composting processes can improve the quality of these biowastes. Additionally, the application of technologies such as telemetry and remote sensors, allows optimizing the transformation of organic matter in a more controlled and efficient way. The city of Fusagasugá is well known in agriculture. However, it lacks sustainable management of the organic waste system.
In this study, after a three-dimensional electromechanical design, a prototype reactor to compost agricultural wastes of Fusagasuga municipality will provide. The capacity of this prototype reactor is considered to be 20 litres. In order to control temperature and humidity of biowastes in different working conditions, it is used A PI controller with 3 temperature and a humidity sensors. With these sensors the compost materials temperature and humidity will remain at 65 °C and 55–60%. By using a special form of temperature sensor placement, the time to oxygenate the compost materials will be found. Furthermore, this system is integrated by a Human-Machine Interface (HMI), which allows the supervision and manipulation from a remote access user.

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661–671 I. Balada, V. Altmann and P. Šařec
Material waste paper recycling for the production of substrates and briquettes
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Material waste paper recycling for the production of substrates and briquettes

I. Balada*, V. Altmann and P. Šařec

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of
Machinery Utilization, Kamycka 129, CZ 165 21, Prague 6 – Suchdol, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: baladai@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

This Article is focusing on recycling waste paper, which became one of the main collecting commodities for its widespread use in many economic regions. The introduction provides an overview of the development of a segment of waste paper in the EU. The article presents information about product options, new materials from processed waste and waste paper. The first part of the article describesthe situation in the Central Bohemia region both in terms of production and in terms of processing capacities. The next part of the article contains the practical information and value gained from the process of production of briquettes from waste paper and the description and analysis of technologies as well as description and analysis of achieved physical characteristics of manufactured briquettes. Another mentioned option for using waste paper is the application in substrate production technology as an input material with excellent physical properties, which could become an indispensable component in the production of highquality substrates. The resulting values indicate a higher absorption capacity of fluids that are substrates of biodegradable materials. In both technologies there are present variations of the different samples and their ratios used to manufacture the final products and are shown in the resulting comparison.

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391-404 J. Vilgerts, L. Timma, A. Blumberga, D. Blumberga and Dz. Slišāne
Application of system dynamic model for the composting of petroleum contaminated soil under various policies
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Application of system dynamic model for the composting of petroleum contaminated soil under various policies

J. Vilgerts, L. Timma*, A. Blumberga, D. Blumberga and Dz. Slišāne

Riga Technical University, Institute of Environment and Energy Systems,Kronvalda bulvāris ¹, LV-¹0¹0 Riga, Latvia;
*Correspondence: lelde.timma@rtu.lv

Abstract:

In this paper the dynamic model for the composting of contaminated soils withpetroleum products is presented. The main objectives of this study is to gain a deeperunderstanding about the dynamic relations between composting process and demand in themarket and to determine how different policies will influence the model and therefore the totalamount of recycled contaminated soil. The methodology applied consists of a system dynamicmodel, which describes the relationships between the cause and effect in complex and dynamicsystems that have delays, feedbacks and non-linearities. The developed model passed both thebehaviour validity and the tests of behavioural sensitivity. The validation indicated that themodel is capable of generating ‘the right behaviour for the right reasons’. This paper shows theresults of four various policies (including reference scenario) and sensitivity analysis. Theresults of the research indicate that the most sensitive parameter is the volume available forcomposting, which is the main factor that influences the amount of recycled material.

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