Tag Archives: flax

1170–1181 S. Petrásek and M. Müller
Mechanical qualities of adhesive bonds reinforced with biological fabric treated by plasma
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Mechanical qualities of adhesive bonds reinforced with biological fabric treated by plasma

S. Petrásek and M. Müller

Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 21, Prague, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: petrasek@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

The paper deals with the utilization of a biological reinforcement in the area of an adhesive layer at structural adhesive bonds. A significant disadvantage of adhesive bonds is uneven layer of an adhesive, which can be eliminated by various technological procedures. One possibility is to use a reinforcing even layer. The primary aim of this paper was to experimentally investigate an influence of the surface plasma treatment of natural fabrics (flax, cotton) at different intervals of plasma affecting (0 to 90 seconds and power 350 W) on mechanical properties of the adhesive bond. There were positive results from reinforcing the adhesive bond by a layer of linen and cotton. Strength characteristics of reinforced adhesive bond were increased compared to non–reinforced adhesive bonds. When the linen was used, the strength was increased by 43.2% and when the cotton then 15.5% strength increase could be seen. When modifying the surface by plasma, next adhesive bond’s strength increase was seen. Using the linen there was approx. 47% strength increase, using the cotton the strength increase was approx. 38% compared to non–reinforced adhesive bonds (without reinforcing phase). It is obvious from the results that plasma modifying showed better results when the cotton was used as the reinforcing material. SEM analysis proved that adhesion was improved with plasma surface modification of biological fibres. In other words the distance between the warp and the resin was significantly decreased for 87.1% when using the cotton and by 46.5% when the linen was used.

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107-114 J. Kers, P. Peetsalu, M. Saarna, A. Viikna, A. Krumme and A.Menind
Preliminary Investigation into Tensile Characteristics of Long Flax Fibre Reinforced Composite Material
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Preliminary Investigation into Tensile Characteristics of Long Flax Fibre Reinforced Composite Material

J. Kers¹, P. Peetsalu¹, M. Saarna¹, A. Viikna², A. Krumme² and A.Menind³

¹ Department of Materials Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology,
Ehitajate tee 5, EE19086 Tallinn, Estonia; e-mail: jaan.kers@ttu.ee
² Department of Polymer Materials, Tallinn University of Technology,
Ehitajate tee 5, EE19086 Tallinn, Estonia
³ Institute of Technology, Estonian University of Life Sciences,
1 Kreutzwaldi Str., EE51014, Tartu, Estonia

Abstract:

Natural fibre composites are materials formed by polymer resin matrix and reinforced with natural fibres mainly formed by cellulose, originating thus from plants, such as hemp, jute, flax, sisal, banana, etc. The advantage of natural fibre materials is their biodegradability and the fact that they are a renewable resource. In Estonia, the most common plant for natural fibre manufacturing has been flax due to its long tradition of cultivation. Flax is currently no longer grown for textile production because of the economic situation, although the weather conditions are very suitable. Nevertheless, flax is still cultivated in small quantities for linseed oil production in Estonia. Experimental methods for manufacturing non-woven industrial textiles like felt and mats from short flax fibres are depicted. Long flax fibres were used as reinforcement in matrix of epoxy resin for experimental manufacturing of natural fibre reinforced composite material. The most important characteristic of all non-woven materials is tensile strength. The results of the tested natural fibre composite materials are presented. The potential fields of application for long flax fibre reinforced composite material are car, marine and windmill industry.

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201-207 P. Peetsalu,, J. Resev, A. Ruus, A. Menind, Jaan Kers, S. Sepper and J. Olt
Preliminary Investigation into Mechanical Properties of Clay Reinforced with Natural Fibres
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Preliminary Investigation into Mechanical Properties of Clay Reinforced with Natural Fibres

P. Peetsalu¹,², J. Resev², A. Ruus², A. Menind³, Jaan Kers¹, S. Sepper¹ and J. Olt³

1 Department of Materials Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology
2 Tartu College, Tallinn University of Technology
³ Institute of Technology, Estonian University of Life Sciences,
56 Kreutzwaldi Str., EE51014 Tartu, Estonia
e-mail: jaan.kers@ttu.ee, andres.menind@emu.ee

Abstract:

Nowadays natural materials are popular and favoured in civil engineering. At the same time it is important to use renewable and local materials which have low CO2 production. One of these materials is clay reinforced with natural fibres. For production purpose it is necessary to find the natural fibres which have suitable properties and can be grown in large amounts. This kind of fibre is flax, which produces a strong fibre. The article focuses on flax as a reinforcing natural fibre in clay which can be used for walls and undercoat plasters. Flax is milled to fractions with different length and mixed with clay, sand and water. Dried clay mix cube’s compressive strength is measured. Finally the best fraction as for flax length and amount is suggested for future experiments to find out the best fraction of fibres for clay with good compressive strength.

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