Activation effect of β-alanine and chitosan derivative on A. glycyphyllos and A. membranaceus seed germination and seedling growth and development

L.A. Khamidullina¹²*, O.E. Cherepanova³, P.D. Tobysheva², E.A. Rybina² and A.V. Pestov¹²

¹Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, UB RAS, Sofia Kovalevskaya street 22, RU620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia
²Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mira street 19, RU620026 Ekaterinburg, Russia
³Botanical Garden UB RAS, 8 Marta street 202a, RU620144 Ekaterinburg, Russia
*Correspondence: lili.khamidullina@gmail.com

Abstract:

Agricultural cultivation of astragalus is fraught with a number of difficulties caused by both certain requirements for climatic conditions and individual characteristics of plants of this genus. In this study, carboxyalkylated derivative of chitosan was first proposed to use for improvement of astragalus propagation. Effects of N-(2-carboxyethyl)chitosan on in vitro A. glycyphyllos and A. membranaceus seed germination and seedling growth and development in comparing with β-alanine and chitosan acetate were detected. Carboxyethylation of chitosan leads to an increase in hydrophilic properties of the molecule, which enhances a penetration of nutrients inside the plant owing to improved solvating effect and bioadhesive activity. Seed germination assay were performed on Murashige-Skoog growth medium with or without tested compounds. N-2-Carboxyethylated derivative of chitosan was found to demonstrate active stimulating effect on the plant growth and development, contrary to the effect of acetate chitosan, but not to cause an activating effect on seed germination, while β-alanine does.

Key words:

Production of Aspergillus oryzae RCAM 01133 biomass with increased protein and polysaccharides content using by-products of food industry

E. Serba¹, N. Pimenov², P. Mochalina¹, M. Overchenko¹, Yu. Borscheva¹, A. Sharikov¹* and L. Rimareva¹

¹Russian Research Institute of Food Biotechnology – branch of Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology, Samokatnaya street 4b, RU111033 Moscow, Russia
²Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Skryabin, 23 Academician Skryabin street, RU109472 Moscow, Russia
*Correspondence: anton.sharikov@gmail.com

Abstract:

The biomass of filamentous fungi is a promising source of protein and carbohydrate. It can be used as an unconventional substrate in technologies for obtaining food and feed ingredients. The studies show that the fungus Aspergillus oryzae synthesizes an insufficient level of protein in the process of solid-state fermentation. The aim of the research was to develop conditions for the production of fungal biomass with a high content of protein and polysaccharides on the basis of solid-state fermentation using by-products of food industry as inexpensive substrate for biomass production. Wheat bran, soybean meal, distilled dry grains with solubles, and brewer’s spent grain were used as raw material. Results of fermentation show that the protein content was 73.4% and 82.0%, which is more than 3 times higher than in fungus grown by submerged fermentation. The studies of the biosynthesis properties of the selected strain A. oryzae RCAM 01133 confirmed the high biological value of microbial biomass cultivated using food by-products. Fermentation of micromycete on culture media containing soybean meal and DDGS provided an increase of protein content by 1.45 times. Maximum increase of amino acids was observed for isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan, and glutamic acid. The increased content of synthesized polysaccharides related to media containing wheat bran and DDGS. The highest concentrations of polysaccharides were 27.9% and 32.9%, respectively

Key words:

amino acids, Aspergillus oryzae, food by-products, polysaccharides, protein, solid-state fermentation