Adaptability of soybean varieties assessed through symbiotic activity under different soil-climatic conditions

O. Mazur¹, R. Kravets², I. Didur¹, O. Mazur¹, V. Tsyhanskyi¹ and Y. Chepernaty¹

¹Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnology and Environmental Sciences, 3 Soniachna Str., UA 21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
²Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Department of Ukrainian and Foreign Languages, 3 Soniachna Str., UA 21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
*Correspondence: sashamazur1978@outlook.com

Abstract:

The purpose of this work reveals itself in distinguishing ontogenetic adaptation parameters according to the symbiotic performance indicators of soybean varieties for the introduction of such varieties into production and as source material for the development of new soybean varieties with high and stable nitrogen-fixing capacity. The research was conducted in different soil-climatic regions of Ukraine, enabling the assessment of soybean variety responses to varying ecological conditions. Indicators of the active symbiotic apparatus and the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen were determined using the Volkohon methodology. Adaptability of the researched varieties was assessed by their symbiotic potential considering the method developed by Eberhart and Russell. The study presents the scientific results on the assessment of soybean varieties by adaptability of active nodules and their mass, active symbiotic potential, and accumulation of biologically fixed nitrogen. The highest amount of biologically fixed nitrogen was recorded in such varieties as Hoverla – 101.12 ± 0.39 kg ha^-1, Artemida – 98.07 ± 0.38 kg ha^-1, Amethyst – 95.51 ± 0.38 kg ha^-1 and Vezha – 93.40 ± 0.38 kg ha^-1, respectively. Despite the different reaction of varieties to fluctuations in environmental conditions, the selected varieties were distinguished by high stability of the formation of the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen. In the Vezha and Amethyst varieties, the stability index (Si²) was as close to zero as possible. Although the varieties differed in their responses to environmental fluctuations, the selected Hoverla, Artemida, Amethyst and Vezha soybean varieties demonstrated high stability in biologically fixed nitrogen accumulation and were recommended for the development of new soybean varieties, considering their stable realization under different soil-climatic growing conditions.

Key words:

adaptability, homeostaticity, nitrogen, nodules, plasticity, stability, variance