Tag Archives: plasticity

334–357 O. Mazur, R. Kravets, I. Didur, O. Mazur, V. Tsyhanskyi and Y. Chepernaty
Adaptability of soybean varieties assessed through symbiotic activity under different soil-climatic conditions
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Adaptability of soybean varieties assessed through symbiotic activity under different soil-climatic conditions

O. Mazur¹, R. Kravets², I. Didur¹, O. Mazur¹, V. Tsyhanskyi¹ and Y. Chepernaty¹

¹Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnology and Environmental Sciences, 3 Soniachna Str., UA 21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
²Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Department of Ukrainian and Foreign Languages, 3 Soniachna Str., UA 21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
*Correspondence: sashamazur1978@outlook.com

Abstract:

The purpose of this work reveals itself in distinguishing ontogenetic adaptation parameters according to the symbiotic performance indicators of soybean varieties for the introduction of such varieties into production and as source material for the development of new soybean varieties with high and stable nitrogen-fixing capacity. The research was conducted in different soil-climatic regions of Ukraine, enabling the assessment of soybean variety responses to varying ecological conditions. Indicators of the active symbiotic apparatus and the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen were determined using the Volkohon methodology. Adaptability of the researched varieties was assessed by their symbiotic potential considering the method developed by Eberhart and Russell. The study presents the scientific results on the assessment of soybean varieties by adaptability of active nodules and their mass, active symbiotic potential, and accumulation of biologically fixed nitrogen. The highest amount of biologically fixed nitrogen was recorded in such varieties as Hoverla – 101.12 ± 0.39 kg ha-1, Artemida – 98.07 ± 0.38 kg ha-1, Amethyst – 95.51 ± 0.38 kg ha-1 and Vezha – 93.40 ± 0.38 kg ha-1, respectively. Despite the different reaction of varieties to fluctuations in environmental conditions, the selected varieties were distinguished by high stability of the formation of the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen. In the Vezha and Amethyst varieties, the stability index (Si2) was as close to zero as possible. Although the varieties differed in their responses to environmental fluctuations, the selected Hoverla, Artemida, Amethyst and Vezha soybean varieties demonstrated high stability in biologically fixed nitrogen accumulation and were recommended for the development of new soybean varieties, considering their stable realization under different soil-climatic growing conditions.

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193-221 Y. Tsytsiura
Assessment of the relation between the adaptive potential of oilseed radish varieties (Raphanus sativus l. var. oleiformis Pers.) and chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters
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Assessment of the relation between the adaptive potential of oilseed radish varieties (Raphanus sativus l. var. oleiformis Pers.) and chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters

Y. Tsytsiura*

Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Sonyachna street, 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
*Correspondence: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net, yaroslav301974@gmail.com

Abstract:

The possibility of optimization of the system of varietal identification, particularly of cruciferous crops in the breeding programs an urgent task that needs a scientific solution. A system comparison of a complex model for assessing genotypes for plasticity and stability with indicative basic and derivative indicators of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve (CFI) is proposed as a possible solution to this problem. 14 varieties of oilseed radish of different ecological and geographical origin were chosen as the object of research. Widely tested indicators of both methodological approaches were applied, taking into account the agrotechnological aspects of the analysis of oilseed radish plants for uniformity and stability.

The varietal specificity of the basic indicators of the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence of oilseed radish in response to changes in the stress level of the years of the research period
was established. The determined interval of correlation-regression dependencies at the level
of -0.382–(-0.658) (p < 0.05–0.01) between the indicators of genotypic stability (Gp), adaptability (bi), and selection value (Sv) and the basic indicators of the CFI curve such as minimal fluorescence (F0), fluorescence of the ‘plateau’ zone (Fрl), maximal fluorescence (Fm) and fluorescence stationary level (Fst). Direct correlations were determined at the level of 0.652–0.745 (p < 0.01–0.001) in the same comparison system for maximal fluorescence (Fm), fluorescence rise (dFpl), maximum variable fluorescence (Fv), photochemical efficiency (EP), leaf water potential (Lwp), plant viability index (RFd), efficiency of the initial reactions of photosynthesis (Kprp), coefficient of decline of the fluorescence (Kfd). The indicated pair correlation dependences were confirmed by the results of multiple regression analysis for the value of multiple regression coefficients (R) in the interval of 0.793–0.833 (p < 0.05–0.01).

On the basis of the obtained data, an integrated version of the assessment of varieties of cruciferous crops is proposed, which allows optimization of the system of varietal identification, particularly of cruciferous crops, in the breeding programs of their pre- and post-registration study, as well as the system of searching for donors and sources of relevant traits in the breeding hybridization programs at various levels. In terms of further research, it will be promising to apply this variant of the analysis to wild species of cruciferous crops in a single complex with their cultural forms to assess the regularities of the formation of adaptations under the directed trait selection process.

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540–551 M. Lozinskiy, L. Burdenyuk-Tarasevych, M. Grabovskyi, T. Lozinska, V. Sabadyn, I. Sidorova, T. Panchenko, Y. Fedoruk and Y. Kumanska
Evaluation of selected soft winter wheat lines for main ear grain weight
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Evaluation of selected soft winter wheat lines for main ear grain weight

M. Lozinskiy¹, L. Burdenyuk-Tarasevych¹, M. Grabovskyi²*, T. Lozinska³, V. Sabadyn¹, I. Sidorova¹, T. Panchenko², Y. Fedoruk² and Y. Kumanska¹

¹Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed production, Sq. Soborna 8/1, UA09100, Bila Tserkva, Ukraine
²Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Department of Technologies in Plant Growing and Plant Protection, Sq. Soborna 8/1, UA09100, Bila Tserkva, Ukraine
³Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Department of Forestry, Botany and Plant Physiology, Sq. Soborna 8/1, UA09100, Bila Tserkva, Ukraine
*Correspondence: nikgr1977@gmail.com

Abstract:

Studies to assess the breeding samples of soft winter wheat by weight of grain from the main ear and determine the indicators of adaptability were conducted at the Bila Tserkva Research and Selection Station (BTRSS) in 2011–2013. The study revealed significant differences in breeding lines in the range of variability of grain mass from the main ear and identified small, medium and significant coefficients of variation, which indicates their excellent response to environmental conditions. It was due to genotype, year conditions and their interaction. Line 42 KS had significantly higher than the standard grain weight of the main ear (0.14 g) and the lowest value of the coefficient of variation (8.7%). According to the indicators of adaptability (GAC, σ²(GxE)gi, σ²SACi, σSACi, etc.) the lines 42 KS, 24 KS and 44 KS were distinguished. There was a significant correlation between the weight of grain from the ear and the weight of 1,000 grains (0.603–0.674) and the direct influence of the weight of grain from the main ear on the weight of grain from the plant and grain yield (0.805–0.942). Selected lines as a result of research (2015–2020) from these populations of soft winter wheat are competitively tested in the conditions of Bila Tserkva Research and Selection Station, forming high grain yields (7.39–8.12 t ha-1) and will be transferred to 2021 for the State variety test for inclusion in the Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine.

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2627-2638 O.V. Tryhub, А.V. Bahan, S.M. Shakaliy, Yu.M. Barat and S.О. Yurchenko
Ecological plasticity of buckwheat varieties (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Of different geographical origin according to productivity
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Ecological plasticity of buckwheat varieties (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Of different geographical origin according to productivity

O.V. Tryhub¹, А.V. Bahan², S.M. Shakaliy³*, Yu.M. Barat² and S.О. Yurchenko²

¹Ustymivska Experimental Station of Plant Production of Plant Production Institute nd.a. V.Ya. Yuryev of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Ustymivka village, Hlobynskyi district, UA36003 Poltava region, Ukraine
²Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Faculty of Agro-Technology and Ecology, Department of Selection, Seed Science and Genetics, 1/3, Skovorody str., UA36003 Poltava, Ukraine
³Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Faculty of Agro-Technology and Ecology, Department of Plant Production, 1/3, Skovorody str., UA36003 Poltava, Ukraine
*Correspondence: shakaliysveta@gmail.com

Abstract:

To determine the ecological plasticity of crop varieties, there are a number of methods that are based on the analysis of the variability of the trait by contrasting years under the conditions. The stability and plasticity of the studied traits of varieties are due to the ability of genetic mechanisms of plants to minimize the consequences of the negative impact of the environment, that is, to resist them. The researches on establishing regularities of manifestation of plasticity, stability and homeostaticity of buckwheat varieties of different ecological and geographical origin were carried out in the conditions of the central part of Ukraine during the period of 2016–2018. The low adaptability of modern buckwheat varieties is a determining factor for low production yields of potentially high-yielding varieties in the sharply contrasting (climatic factors) cultivation conditions. The level of yield (as a complex characteristic) and its main component, the individual productivity of the plant have been determined as the differentiative indicators of modern varieties and new promising breeding material consisting of 35 samples from 5 countries of the world. The analysis of research data has identified a group of varieties (SYN 3/02, Sofiia, Selianochka, Slobozhanka, Yelena, Roksolana, Populiatsiia 7/07, P-330, P-455, P-620, Ametist, Feniks, Ilishevskaia, Batyr and Arno), which have a value as a highly adaptable varietal material for the cultivation conditions and have an increased selective value according to abiotic adaptability indicators and can be used to create a more adaptable material as a potentially more productive as well as more plastic and stable resource for selection.

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